In brief
Restricts banking business to licensed institutions and sets licensing conditions, banks' obligations, the central bank's oversight and penalties.
Summary of the law
Purpose and scope
- Governs banking business and the central bank's supervision of it; unlicensed persons may not carry on banking as their main business, though licensed money-changers may exchange currency (Article 2).
Key rules, rights and obligations
- Unlicensed persons may not use the word bank or its equivalents in their papers, trade name or advertising (Article 5).
- Deposit liabilities may not exceed fifteen times reserves and capital (Article 6), and lending or guarantees to a single person may not exceed 25% of reserves and capital (Article 8).
- Unsecured lending to directors, auditors or their businesses is prohibited (Article 9), and at least 25% of net profit must go to the statutory reserve before distribution (Article 13 as amended).
- Disclosing or using information obtained in applying the law is prohibited (Article 19).
Violations, penalties and common problems
- Unlicensed banking: up to two years in prison and up to five thousand riyals per day of continuation, or either; disclosure of information: up to two years and up to twenty thousand riyals (Article 23).
- On breach or a threat to liquidity, the central bank may appoint an adviser, suspend or remove directors or staff, or restrict lending or deposit-taking (Article 22); the chairman, directors and managers are liable within their remit (Article 24).
Procedures and key deadlines
- Each bank sends a consolidated monthly statement of its position by the end of the following month (Article 15).
- A committee of three persons from outside the central bank decides violations (Article 25).
An advisory summary prepared by Al-Bayan Al-Wadih Law Firm. It is not an official text and does not replace the law, its implementing regulations, or advice from a specialised lawyer. The official published text and its amendments prevail.
What it covers
- Banking licence
- Banks' obligations
- Central bank oversight
- Penalties
Timeline
- Issued: Royal Decree M/5 · 22/2/1386H
- Amendments: Royal Decree M/2 · 6/1/1391H. Amendment to some articles (shown on the law's page at the Bureau of Experts)
Full record of amendments and regulations at the official source
Official text at the Bureau of Experts
The authoritative text is in Arabic; the Bureau of Experts publishes English translations for some laws.
The Arabic text on this site was last matched with the official source on .
Full official text
The full official text is in Arabic and is reproduced on the Arabic version of this page, as published by the Bureau of Experts at the Council of Ministers. Read the full Arabic text
Library content is simplified general information for awareness only. It is not legal advice and does not replace the official text. Laws change: always check the official source and consult a lawyer before acting. Library data last reviewed: .